first of all, never EVER wire things based on wire color, that's there only as a guide so you can more easily distinguish one wire from the next in a bundle or more easily find the other end of the wire in a harness. NOTHING MORE.
while a lot of companies do typically use red for 5v and yellow for ground, there's no actual standard, and who knows if someone has messed with it... never trust the wire color.
with that said your PCB is likely borked for good.
in the instances where I've had a significant over voltage on a PCB I've found that even if I replace all of the faulty chips, many of the "good" chips are damaged but not showing signs and will fail within the next few weeks, months, years depending on use. the 5V line is connected directly to EVERY chip on the PCB, it's like they all just took a bullet, some have died now, some will die soon, and even the ones that survived will likely die before their time.
Just be glad you did this on a "cheap" board like a CPS2