@Orakelschaf Hello - sorry for not replying earlier, was on a surfing holiday!
> Pin32 to GND via 1k Ohm resistor
This will be your problem, the Triforce is picky about the sense line value and resistors will vary by current so it's not a particulary accurate way to do it. I'd suggest using 4 x signal diodes (1n4001 as an example) instead for the triforce, this will likely fix your issue as it has other people in the past (this is what your real sega IO uses).
When you cut the sense line the Triforce will boot fine as it will detect that no IO is connected, so this is expected behaviour.
Also as an aside you keep mentioning that you're using a RS232 adapter. The protocol is RS485 so you should be using a USB to RS485 adapter - but I assume that because it works on Naomi 1 and 2, you are in fact using one of these adapters with some of the RS232 to RS485 converter on the end?